Consultations On Legislation

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Consultations directory

Your local Member of Parliament (MP) is the best person to represent your views on legislation in the House of Commons.

To find out who your MP is, enter your postal code in the search box on the Parliament of Canada website.

When you contact your MP, be sure to:

- clearly state your views on the legislation

- explain how the legislation will affect you, your family, or your community

- ask your MP to support or oppose the legislation

- provide any additional information or resources that might be helpful

You can also write to your MP to express your views on legislation. For more information, see Writing to Your MP.


Looking for a way to stay up-to-date on all the latest consultations affecting Indigenous Peoples?

Geolance offers an online consultations directory that is updated daily with the latest proposed federal laws, draft regulations, and disputes between the government and Indigenous Peoples. It also includes reviews of existing laws and organizational changes affecting Indigenous Peoples.

You can trust that our team of experienced researchers will compile all the relevant information in one easy-to-use location. Plus, our website is mobile-friendly so you can access it from anywhere at any time. Stay informed and make your voice heard with Geolance.


How a Bill Becomes a Law

A bill is a proposed law that is introduced in the House of Commons.

All bills must go through several stages before they can become law.

1. First Reading

The bill is introduced in the House of Commons and given the first reading.

2. Second Reading

The bill is debated at the second reading. If the House of Commons votes in favor of the bill, it is then sent to a committee.

3. Committee Stage

The bill is studied in detail by a committee. The committee may hear from experts and interested groups. It may also make changes to the bill.

4. Report Stage

The bill is debated again at the report stage. The House of Commons can accept, reject, or make changes to the bill.

5. Third Reading

The bill is debated a third time. If the House of Commons votes in favor of the bill, it is sent to the Senate.

6. Royal Assent

The Governor-General signs the bill into law.

For more information on the legislative process, see How a Bill Becomes a Law.

The consultations directory is updated regularly. Check back often to find out about new consultations. You can also sign up for email alerts to receive notifications when new consultations are added to the directory.

You can also find out about upcoming consultations by visiting the Department of Justice Canada’s website or by subscribing to the RSS feed.


Writing to Your MP

Your local Member of Parliament (MP) is the best person to represent your views on legislation in the House of Commons.

To find out who your MP is, enter your postal code in the search box on the Parliament of Canada website.

When you contact your MP, be sure to clearly state your views on the legislation and explain how the legislation will affect you, your family, or your community. You can also ask your MP to support or oppose the legislation and provide any additional information or resources that might be helpful.


How to get involved?

The best way to have your say is to participate in consultations.

You can also sign up for email alerts to receive notifications when new consultations are added to the directory.

When writing to a department or agency, be sure to mention that you saw their consultation listed in the Canadian Government Consultations Portal.

The portal is a one-stop shop for information on all open Government of Canada consultations.

The portal is updated regularly, so be sure to check back often. You can also sign up for email alerts to receive notifications when new consultations are added to the portal.

The Government of Canada is committed to openness and transparency and welcomes your input on legislative and policy proposals. We hope you will take advantage of these opportunities to participate in the democratic process.


Closed consultations

The following consultations have closed. You can find information on the results of these consultations in the Results of past consultations section.

Consultations on proposed federal legislation

- Bill C-48, An Act respecting the oil tankers moratoria Act

- Bill C-69, An Act to enact the impact assessment act and the Canadian energy regulator act, amend the Navigation Protection Act and make consequential amendments to other Acts

- Bill C-81, An Act to ensure inclusiveness in the workforce

- Bill S-3, An Act to amend the Indian Act in response to the superior court of Quebec decision in Descheneaux c. Canada (Procureur general)

- Proposed changes to the Fisheries Act

- Proposed changes to the Navigation Protection Act

- Review of the Environmental Enforcement Act and the Environmental Violations Administrative Monetary Penalties Act

- Review of the Species at Risk Act

If you have any questions or comments about this portal, please send us an email.

The consultations directory is updated regularly. Check back often to find out about new consultations. You can also sign up for email alerts to receive notifications when new consultations are added to the directory.


What is a consultation?

A consultation is a process that allows stakeholders and the general public to provide input on government initiatives. It is also a chance for the government to hear directly from Canadians about their priorities and concerns.

Consultations can take many forms, such as public meetings, online surveys, written submissions, or focus groups.


Why consult?

Consultations help the government make informed decisions that reflect the needs and values of Canadians.

Consultations also help build public support for government initiatives by ensuring that Canadians have a say in the decisions that affect them.


When to consult

The timing of consultations depends on the issue being consulted and the type of consultation being conducted. Some consultations are open for a set period, while others may be open indefinitely.


How to consult

The Government of Canada offers a variety of ways for Canadians to participate in consultations, such as public meetings, online surveys, written submissions, or focus groups.

You can find information on current consultations in the Canadian Government Consultations Portal.


Who can participate in consultations?

Anyone can participate in consultations. However, some consultations may be targeted at specific groups, such as businesses, industry associations, or Indigenous peoples.


Tips for effective consultation

Here are a few tips to help you make the most of consultations:

- Be clear about what you want to achieve from the consultation.

- Make sure you understand the issue being consulted on.

- Identify the key stakeholders and decision-makers.

- Engage with the consultation process early.

- Be respectful and constructive in your feedback.


Results of past consultations

The results of past consultations are posted in the Results of Past Consultations section.


Feedback on this portal

If you have any questions or comments about this portal, please send us an email.

The consultations directory is updated regularly. Check back often to find out about new consultations. You can also sign up for email alerts to receive notifications when new consultations are added to the directory.


Audit requirements

The Government of Canada is committed to openness and transparency. As part of this commitment, the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat requires that all departments and agencies post the results of their audits on their website.

The following table lists the most recent audits conducted by departmental audit teams, as well as any audits conducted by the Office of the Auditor General of Canada.


Access to financial statements

By the Financial Administration Act, all federal departments and agencies are required to make their audited financial statements available to the public.


What is the difference between a statute and a regulation?

A statute is a law passed by Parliament. A regulation is a rule or order made by the Governor in Council (the Cabinet) under an Act of Parliament. Regulations are also sometimes called "delegated legislation" because they are made by a person or body other than Parliament.


What is the difference between primary and secondary legislation?

Primary legislation is law made by Parliament, such as an Act of Parliament. Secondary legislation is a law made by a person or body other than Parliament, such as a regulation.


What is the difference between an Act and a bill?

A bill is a proposal for a new law or a change to existing law. An Act is a law that has been passed by Parliament.


What is the difference between public and private legislation?

Public legislation is the law that applies to everyone in Canada. Private legislation is the law that applies to a specific person, company, or organization.


How are statutes and regulations created?

A statute is created when Parliament passes a bill into law. A regulation is created when the Governor in Council (the Cabinet) makes a rule or order under an Act of Parliament.


How are Acts and bills amended?

An Act of Parliament can be amended by passing a new bill through Parliament. A regulation can be amended by making a new rule or order under the Act.

What is the statute revision process?

The statute revision process is the process of reviewing all of the laws (statutes) of Canada to ensure that they are up to date and consistent with each other. The process is overseen by the Department of Justice Canada.


Who has the authority to create statutes and regulations?

Only Parliament and the Governor in Council (the Cabinet) can create statutes and regulations.


What is the difference between subordinate legislation and primary legislation?

Subordinate legislation is a law made by a person or body other than Parliament, such as a regulation. Primary legislation is law made by Parliament, such as an Act of Parliament.


What is the process for creating statutes and regulations?

The process for creating a statute begins when a bill is introduced in Parliament. The bill is then debated and voted on by MPs. If the bill is passed by Parliament, it becomes an Act of Parliament.

The process for creating a regulation begins when the Governor in Council (the Cabinet) makes a rule or order under an Act of Parliament. The regulation is then published in the Canada Gazette.


How do statutes and regulations become law?

A statute becomes law when it is passed by Parliament and comes into force. A regulation becomes law when it is made by the Governor in Council (the Cabinet) and comes into force.


What are the benefits of consultation?

The consultation allows the government to hear from Canadians about proposed laws and policies. It helps the government to make informed decisions that reflect the views of Canadians.


What is the difference between consultation and engagement?

Consultation is a formal process through which the government solicits feedback from Canadians on proposed laws and policies. Engagement is a broader term that can refer to consultation, but also includes other activities such as public education and outreach.


How does the government consult with Canadians?

The government consults with Canadians in a variety of ways, including online surveys, public meetings, and submissions from interested individuals and organizations.


What is the difference between pre-legislative consultation and post-legislative consultation?

Pre-legislative consultation takes place before a bill is introduced in Parliament. Post-legislative consultation takes place after a bill has been passed by Parliament.


Who can participate in consultations?

Anyone can participate in consultations. The government encourages all Canadians to participate in consultations on laws and policies that affect them.


Why is consultation important?

Consultation is important because it allows the government to hear from Canadians about proposed laws and policies. It helps the government to make informed decisions that reflect the views of Canadians.


How can I find out about consultations?

The best way to find out about consultations is to sign up for the Government of Canada's e-mail notification service. You can also follow the Department of Justice Canada on Twitter or Facebook.


Why do some consultations close before the announced date?

Consultations may close early if the government receives a high volume of submissions and can decide without further input.


How long do consultations usually last?

Consultations usually last between 30 and 60 days.


What happens after a consultation closes?

After a consultation closes, the government will review all of the submissions and decide on the proposed law or policy. The government may also make changes to the proposed law or policy based on the feedback received during the consultation.


When is the best time to participate in consultations?

The best time to participate in consultations is as soon as the consultation opens. The government may make decisions on the proposed law or policy at any time after the consultation closes, and may not consider submissions received after the consultation period has ended.


How can I participate in consultations?

You can participate in consultations by filling out an online questionnaire, attending a public meeting, or submitting a written submission.


What should I include in my submission?

Your submission should include your name, contact information, and any relevant supporting documentation. You may also want to include your views on the proposed law or policy, and any suggestions you have for how it could be improved.


Can I submit my comments anonymously?

Yes, you can submit your comments anonymously, but the government may not be able to consider them as part of the consultation.


How will my personal information be used?

The personal information you provide in your submission will only be used for the consultation. It will not be used for any other purpose, and will not be shared with any other organization.


What are some tips for effective consultation?

Here are some tips for effective consultation:

- Make sure you understand the issue before you participate in the consultation.

- Be clear and concise in your submission.

- Include any relevant supporting documentation.

- Respect the views of others.

- Follow the instructions for each consultation.

The government may hold consultations on a variety of topics, such as proposed changes to the law, new government policies, or major projects that will affect Canadians. Anyone can participate in these consultations, and the government encourages all Canadians to do so. Consultations provide an opportunity for the government to hear from Canadians about how proposed laws and policies will affect them, and to make informed decisions that reflect the views of Canadians.

You can find out about consultations by signing up for the Government of Canada's e-mail notification service, following the Department of Justice Canada on Twitter or Facebook, or checking the Consultations section of the Department of Justice website. Consultations may close early if the government receives a high volume of submissions and can decide without further input. Consultations usually last between 30 and 60 days.


Are the results of past consultations made public?

Yes, the results of past consultations are made public on the Department of Justice website.


How can I provide feedback on this portal?

You can provide feedback on this portal by filling out the Feedback Form.


Do departments and agencies post the results of their audits publicly?

Yes, departments and agencies are required to post the results of their audits publicly on their website within six months of receiving them. You can find a list of these reports on the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat website.


What is the Access to Information Act?

The Access to Information Act (ATIA) gives Canadian citizens and permanent residents the right to request access to information held by the Government of Canada. The ATIA also gives Canadians the right to request corrections to their personal information.

The Office of the Information Commissioner of Canada (OIC) is an independent body that oversees the administration of the ATIA and investigates complaints about federal government institutions' handling of requests for information.


Are federal departments and agencies required to make their audited financial statements available to the public?

Yes, federal departments and agencies are required to make their audited financial statements available to the public within six months of receiving them. You can find a list of these reports on the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat website.


What is the Privacy Act?

The Privacy Act protects the privacy of Canadians by giving them the right to access, request the correction, and protect their personal information. The Privacy Act also gives Canadians the right to complain if they feel their privacy rights have been violated.

The Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada (OPC) is an independent body that oversees the administration of the Privacy Act and investigates complaints about federal government institutions' handling of personal information.


What is the Official Languages Act?

The Official Languages Act (OLA) ensures that English and French are used as official languages in the federal government and that both language groups have equality of status and equal rights and privileges concerning their use in Canadian society.

The Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages (OCOL) is an independent body that promotes linguistic duality and encourages federal institutions to take measures to support the development of official language minority communities.


What is the Canadian Human Rights Act?

The Canadian Human Rights Act (CHRA) protects Canadians from discrimination and harassment based on certain grounds, such as race, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, sex, age, mental or physical disability, sexual orientation, or marital or family status.

The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) is an independent body that promotes equal opportunity and investigates complaints of discrimination and harassment under the CHRA.


What is the Financial Administration Act?

The Financial Administration Act (FAA) sets out the rules for the spending of public funds, borrowing by the federal government, and accounting and reporting by federal departments and agencies.

The Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat is responsible for the administration of the FAA.


What is the Federal Courts Act?

The Federal Courts Act (FCA) establishes the Federal Court of Appeal, the Federal Court, and the Tax Court of Canada as independent courts to hear appeals from decisions of federal boards, commissions, and tribunals, and to deal with other matters assigned to them by Parliament.

The Federal Court of Appeal is the highest court in Canada for cases involving federal law. The Federal Court is a general trial court that hears cases involving federal law. The Tax Court of Canada is a specialized court that hears cases involving disputes between taxpayers and the Canada Revenue Agency.


What is the Canada Evidence Act?

The Canada Evidence Act (CEA) sets out the rules for the admissibility of evidence in criminal and civil proceedings in Canadian courts.

The Supreme Court of Canada is the highest court in Canada for all matters, including those involving interpretation of the CEA.

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